Description
Abnormal Psychology 7th Edition Nolen-Hoeksema Marroquin Test Bank
ISBN-13: 978-1259578137
ISBN-10: 1259578135
Be the best nurse you can be:
Nursing test banks are legit and very helpful. This test bank on this page can be downloaded immediately after you checkout today.
Here is the definition of nursing
Its true that you will receive the entire legit test bank for this book and it can happen today regardless if its day or night. We have made the process automatic for you so that you don’t have to wait.
We encourage you to purchase from only a trustworthy provider:
Our site is one of the most confidential websites on the internet. We maintain no logs and guarantee it. Our website is also encrypted with an SSL on the entire website which will show on your browser with a lock symbol. This means not a single person can view any information.
, if you prefer a digital instead of a hardcover.
Have any comments or suggestions?
When you get your file today you will be able to open it on your device and start studying for your class right now.
Free Nursing Test Questions:
Chapter 14
Substance Use and Gambling Disorders
- A substance is defined as any:
- drug that has psychedelic effects.
- over-the-counter prescription drug.
- product that could potentially create an addiction.
- D. natural or synthesized product that has psychoactive effects.
Page: 390
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Explain the key features of substance disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Clea has been using cocaine daily for a while now. However, for the past 24 hours, she has been without any cocaine and as a result is experiencing strange behaviors and physiological responses. Clea is most likely showing signs of:
- substance intoxication.
- B. substance withdrawal.
- tolerance.
- a drive-control disorder.
Page: 392
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: Difficult
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Mac took a capsule at a party earlier in the evening and is now showing changes in the functions of his central nervous system that are manifesting in both behavior and physiology. He is most likely experiencing:
- A. substance intoxication.
- substance withdrawal.
- tolerance.
- a drive-control disorder.
Page: 392
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: Difficult
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- _____ is a set of behavioral and psychological changes that occur as a result of the physiological effects of a substance on the central nervous system.
- Substance withdrawal
- B. Substance intoxication
- Substance tolerance
- Substance avoidance
Page: 392
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- _____ is a set of physiological and behavioral symptoms that result when people who have been using substances heavily for prolonged periods of time stop or greatly reduce their use.
- A. Substance withdrawal
- Substance intoxication
- Substance abuse
- Substance dependence
Page: 392
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- The diagnosis of _____ disorder is given in the DSM-5 when a person demonstrates impaired control, the continued use of substances despite negative social, occupational, and health consequences, risky use, as well as evidence of tolerance and withdrawal.
- substance withdrawal
- B. substance use
- alcohol intoxication
- substance independence
Page: 393
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following is one of the four categories of harmful consequences that suggest substance abuse?
- A. The individual fails to fulfill important obligations at work, home, or school as a result of substance use.
- The individual uses the substance only in situations in which it is not physically hazardous to do so.
- The individual stops using the substance because of legal problems in the past.
- The individual displays substance tolerance—diminished effects from the same dose of a substance.
Page: 393
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Franco has fallen ill and lost his job, and his wife has left him due to his problem with heroin. His friends and family are telling him that he is an addict most likely because he is exhibiting:
- substance withdrawal.
- substance tolerance.
- substance intoxication.
- D. substance dependence.
Page: 393
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: Difficult
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- _____ is present when a person experiences less effect from the same dose of a substance and needs more and more of it to achieve intoxication.
- Impulse-control disorder
- Behavioral under-control
- C. Tolerance
- Withdrawal
Page: 393
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Addiction
- Hank began snorting cocaine about three years ago. He said the first high was the most astounding, exciting, mind-blowing experience he’d ever had. However, he has never been able to recapture that initial euphoria, and now he needs more and more of cocaine to get anywhere near his first experience. Hank has most likely:
- A. developed a tolerance to cocaine.
- transferred his dependence to some other substance.
- developed symptoms of withdrawal.
- used cocaine that is of inferior quality.
Page: 393
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: Difficult
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Addiction
- Which of the following substances has a relatively low risk for tolerance?
- Nicotine
- Alcohol
- Opioids
- D. Cannabis
Page: 393
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Addiction
- The DSM-5 authors have combined substance abuse and dependence into one diagnosis called:
- A. substance use disorder.
- substance abuse disorder.
- substance dependence disorder.
- drug-related disorder.
Page: 393
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder includes ongoing substance use despite recurring social or relationship difficulties. Why have the DSM-5 authors removed the DSM-IV criterion regarding legal problems?
- A. Because of its low prevalence
- Because it falls inside the realm of regulation
- Because substance use disorders are a criminal offense
- Because the term “legal” has negative connotations
Page: 393
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Difficult
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following is a central nervous system depressant?
- Cocaine
- Nicotine
- Cannabis
- D. Alcohol
Page: 394
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Which term refers to alcohol-induced amnesia for the events that occurred while one was intoxicated?
- Coma
- Deprivation
- C. Blackout
- Flash
Page: 395
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Alcohol is considered a _____ because it _____.
- stimulant; makes people less inhibited in their behavior
- B. depressant; slows the central nervous system
- stimulant; activates the brain
- stimulant; activates the sex drive
Page: 394
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Depressants
- Celeste went to a fraternity party on Saturday night and had too much to drink. Although the last thing she remembers is dancing with Paul, she does not recollect how she got home. Celeste is most likely experiencing:
- alcohol-induced dementia.
- delirium tremens.
- abstinence violation.
- D. a blackout.
Page: 395
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: Difficult
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Which of the following is cited as a reason why people in countries such as France show lower rates of alcohol-related substance disorders than do people in other countries?
- A. Alcohol is usually consumed with meals in France.
- Alcohol is freely available in France.
- The low blood-alcohol level for determining whether a person is under the influence of alcohol acts as a deterrent.
- Despite Americans’ beliefs to the contrary, alcohol is not consumed in very large quantities in France.
Page: 395
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 2.5 Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Most U.S. states consider a person to be under the influence of alcohol if his or her blood-alcohol level is _____ or above.
- 0.01
- 0.15
- 0.45
- D. 08
Page: 395
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Which of the following characterizes the first stage of alcohol withdrawal?
- A. Tremulousness, weakness, and profuse perspiration
- Collapse of the peripheral vascular system
- Convulsive seizures
- Auditory, visual, and tactile hallucinations
Page: 395
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- The second stage of alcohol withdrawal includes _____, which may begin as soon as 12 hours after drinking stops but more often appear(s) during the second or third day.
- delirium tremens
- hyperthermia
- C. convulsive seizures
- tactile hallucinations
Page: 396
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- The third stage of alcohol withdrawal is typically characterized by:
- convulsive seizures.
- the “jitters.”
- headaches, nausea, and abdominal cramps.
- D. delirium tremens.
Page: 396
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Which of the following is a typical characteristic of delirium tremens?
- A. Auditory hallucinations
- Convulsive seizures
- Shakes and jitters
- Hypothermia
Page: 396
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Which of these is one of the most common medical conditions associated with alcohol misuse?
- Delirium tremens
- B. Low-grade hypertension
- Hyperthermia
- Collapse of the peripheral vascular system
Page: 399
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Binge drinking is defined as consuming:
- different types of drinks in moderate quantities in one sitting.
- B. five or more drinks within a couple of hours for men.
- two to three drinks early in the morning.
- three or more drinks within a span of two hours for women.
Page: 397
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Strong age differences in alcohol use disorders _____.
- A. decline as people age
- neither increase nor decrease as people age
- increase substantially as people age
- increase marginally as people age
Page: 397
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Which of the following is a reason why the strong age differences in alcohol use disorders decline with age?
- With age, the liver metabolizes alcohol at a faster rate.
- The increasing percentage of body water decreases the absorption of alcohol.
- Older people are financially more secure than younger ones.
- D. People who have used alcohol excessively may die before they reach old age.
Page: 397
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Low-grade hypertension, combined with increases in the levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein, puts alcohol abusers mostly at increased risk for:
- diabetes.
- hypothermia.
- C. heart disease.
- brain hemorrhage.
Page: 399
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Deaths related to alcohol are as much as five times more common among _____ than in the general U.S. population.
- African Americans
- Asian immigrants
- Latinos
- D. Native Americans
Page: 398
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 2.5 Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- _____ involves the loss of intellectual abilities, including memory, abstract thinking, judgment, and problem solving, and is often accompanied by personality changes such as increased paranoia.
- Wernicke’s encephalopathy
- Korsakoff’s syndrome
- Reward deficiency syndrome
- D. Substance-induced dementia
Page: 399
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Which of the following contains antioxidants that can increase “good” cholesterol, along with other chemicals that can help prevent damage to blood vessels and reduce “bad” cholesterol, producing positive cardiac effects?
- Beer
- B. Red wine
- Whiskey
- Cognac
Page: 399
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Which of the following are legally manufactured and sold by prescription, usually as sedatives for the treatment of anxiety and insomnia?
- Amphetamines
- Opioids
- C. Benzodiazepines
- Phencyclidines
Page: 400
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Depressants
- Alicia’s doctor has prescribed Alicia helpful medication to help with her anxiety and insomnia. Which of the following class of medications did he most likely prescribe?
- Amphetamines
- Opioids
- C. Benzodiazepines
- Phencyclidine
Page: 406
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Depressants
- Pedro is at a party and has taken a substance that has made him euphoric and disinhibited; he then experiences lethargy, loss of coordination, and other signs of central nervous system depression. He has most likely taken:
- amphetamines.
- cocaine.
- C.
- coffee.
Page: 400
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Depressants
- Jim is over at a friend’s house to pregame before going out. He takes a substance that provides an instant rush of euphoria followed by heightened self-esteem, alertness, energy, and feelings of competence. He begins taking the substance regularly and develops symptoms such as grandiosity, hypersexuality, and impulsive behavior. He has most likely taken:
- opiates.
- B.
- benzodiazepines.
- alcohol.
Page: 401
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Stimulants
- Cocaine prevents the reuptake of _____ into the transmitting neuron, causing it to accumulate in the synapse and maintaining the pleasurable feeling associated with cocaine use.
- serotonin
- epinephrine
- C. dopamine
- prolactin
Page: 401
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Stimulants
- Which of the following makes cocaine more likely than most substances to lead to a stimulant use disorder?
- It’s easy availability
- The absence of short-term health problems
- Symptoms of fatigue and insomnia upon withdrawal
- D. Its rapid, strong effects on the brain’s reward centers
Page: 401
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Stimulants
- Which of the following is true of freebase cocaine?
- It is less addictive than benzodiazepines.
- It is mostly taken intravenously or snorted.
- C. It is usually smoked in a water pipe or mixed in a tobacco or marijuana cigarette.
- It is a form of crack boiled down into tiny chunks, or rocks, and usually smoked.
Page: 401
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Stimulants
- Which of the following observations is true of cocaine?
- A. Its effects wear off quickly.
- It is one of the few substances immune to the development of tolerance.
- It has been tried at least once by 80 percent of high school graduates in the United States.
- Its use has increased drastically since the mid-1980s.
Page: 402
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Stimulants
- Which of the following is an example of a stimulant?
- A. Amphetamines
- Barbiturates
- Alcohol
- Benzodiazepines
Page: 403
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Amphetamines
- _____ are stimulants prescribed for the treatment of attention problems, narcolepsy, and chronic fatigue.
- Barbiturates
- B. Amphetamines
- Benzodiazepines
- Opioids
Page: 403
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Amphetamines
- On the street, _____ are known as “speed,” “meth,” and “chalk.”
- A. amphetamines
- benzodiazepines
- barbiturates
- opioids
Page: 403
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Amphetamines
- Amphetamines release the neurotransmitters _____ and block their reuptake.
- acetylcholine and adenosine
- glutamate and aspartate
- epinephrine and serotonin
- D. dopamine and norepinephrine
Page: 403
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Amphetamines
- Which of the following is true of amphetamine use?
- The symptoms of amphetamine intoxication and cocaine intoxication are completely different.
- B. Like cocaine, amphetamines can produce perceptual illusions.
- Tolerance and physical dependence develops slowly over a lengthy period of time.
- The abuse of cocaine and amphetamines has reduced in recent years.
Page: 403
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Amphetamines
- Which of the following is an alkaloid found in tobacco?
- Tryptophan
- Ecgonine
- Caffeine
- D. Nicotine
Page: 404
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Nicotine
- Which of the following observations about tobacco use is true?
- Tobacco use has increased in the United States over the past few decades.
- Tobacco use has increased in most industrialized countries over the past few decades.
- C. Tobacco use is increasing in developing countries over the past few decades.
- Tobacco use is banned in all highly developed countries.
Page: 404
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Nicotine
- Identify the physiological effects of nicotine.
- A. They resemble a fight-or-flight response.
- They reduce the physiological symptoms of stress and anxiety.
- They suppress several biochemicals including dopamine and norepinephrine.
- They reduce the craving to smoke more.
Page: 404
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Nicotine
- _____ is by far the most heavily used stimulant.
- Nicotine
- Amphetamine
- Cocaine
- D. Caffeine
Page: 405
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Caffeine
- Which of the following is typically reduced due to caffeine intake?
- A. Appetite
- Metabolism
- Body temperature
- Blood pressure
Page: 405
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Caffeine
- Morphine, heroin, codeine, and methadone are all:
- amphetamines.
- benzodiazepines.
- barbiturates.
- D.
Page: 405
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Opioids
- Which of the following is a natural opioid produced by the human body?
- Codeine
- Etorphine
- C. Endorphin
- Alfentanil
Page: 406
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Opioids
- Which of the following was widely used as a pain reliever in the nineteenth century, until it was found to be highly addictive?
- Codeine
- B. Morphine
- Nicotine
- Methadone
Page: 406
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Opioids
- Which of the following is often the initial symptom of opioid intoxication?
- A. Euphoria
- Drowsiness
- Vivid dreams
- A blackout
Page: 406
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Opioids
- During opioid intoxication, a person may experience periods of light sleep with vivid dreams. A person in this state is referred to as being:
- in the twilight zone.
- over the moon.
- under the weather.
- D. on the nod.
Page: 406
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Opioids
- All of the following are withdrawal symptoms associated with opioids, EXCEPT:
- dysphoric mood.
- nausea.
- C. delirium tremens.
- fever.
Page: 406
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Opioids
- Which of the following is a popular prescription opioid pain reliever?
- A. Oxycodone
- Dihydrocodeine
- Sufentanil
- Propoxyphene
Page: 406
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Opioids
- Which of the following is capable of producing perceptual changes even in small doses?
- Nicotine
- B. Phencyclidine (PCP)
- Alcohol
- Caffeine
Page: 407
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Hallucinogens
- The _____ are a mixed group of substances, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and peyote.
- benzodiazepines
- amphetamines
- C. hallucinogens
- opioids
Page: 407
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Hallucinogens
- What is synesthesia?
- A. Overflow from one sensory modality to another
- Psychomotor agitation or retardation
- Another term for hypervigilance
- Auditory, visual, and tactile hallucinations
Page: 407
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Hallucinogens
- When using hallucinogens, people say they hear colors and see sounds. They feel at one with their surroundings, and time seems to pass very slowly. Others feel a sense of detachment and a great sensitivity for art, music, and feelings. Which term is used to describe these experiences?
- Psychomotor
- B. Psychedelic
- Psychoactive
- Psychosomatic
Page: 407
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Hallucinogens
- Which drug was used in the 1960s as part of the consciousness-expanding movement and led to reports of “bad trips”?
- Amphetamine
- Cannabis
- Phencyclidine (PCP)
- D. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Page: 407
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Hallucinogens
- Which drug is also known as angel dust, Hog, and Tranq?
- Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
- B. Phencyclidine (PCP)
- Valium
- Cannabis
Page: 408
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following observations is true of the drug phencyclidine (PCP)?
- It is classified in the DSM-5 as a hallucinogen.
- It is manufactured as a liquid to be injected.
- C. It has many of the same effects as hallucinogens.
- It is categorized as an opioid.
Page: 408
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following is the most commonly used illegal drug in the United States?
- A. Cannabis
- Heroin
- Ecstasy
- Cocaine
Page: 408
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Marijuana
- Marijuana, weed, pot, grass, reefer, and Mary Jane are terms used to refer to:
- crack.
- heroin.
- C.
- cocaine.
Page: 408
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Marijuana
- _____ are volatile substances that produce chemical vapors, which can be inhaled and which depress the central nervous system.
- Barbiturates
- Amphetamines
- Opioids
- D. Inhalants
Page: 409
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Inhalants
- Which class of inhalants dilates blood vessels and relaxes muscles and are sometimes used as sex enhancers?
- A. Nitrites
- Solvents
- Anesthetic gases
- Aerosols
Page: 409
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Inhalants
- Which of the following observations about inhalants is true?
- The greatest users of inhalants are older people.
- Asian teenagers appear to have the highest rates of inhalant use in the United States.
- C. Males are more likely than females to use inhalants.
- Inhalant use is inherently harmless.
Page: 409
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Inhalants
- _____ may occur during inhalant use due to acute irregularities in heartbeat or loss of oxygen.
- Fight-or-flight response
- B. Sudden sniffing death
- Delirium tremens
- Intermittent explosive disorder
Page: 410
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Inhalants
- The compound 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine is also known as:
- cannabis.
- B.
- ketamine.
- cocaine.
Page: 410
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Ecstasy
- Which of the following typically has the stimulant effects of an amphetamine along with occasional hallucinogenic properties?
- Caffeine
- Alcohol
- Cannabis
- D. Ecstasy
Page: 410
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Ecstasy
- The euphoric effects of ecstasy and some of the brain damage are considered to be due to alterations in the functioning of _____ in the brain.
- norepinephrine
- epinephrine
- dopamine
- D. serotonin
Page: 410
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Ecstasy
- Long-term users of this drug risk several cardiac problems and liver failure, and they show increased rates of anxiety, depression, psychotic symptoms, and paranoia. Another effect is teeth-grinding; some users even suck a baby’s pacifier at parties to relieve this. Which drug is being discussed here?
- Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
- B. Ecstasy
- Nicotine
- Cannabis
Page: 410
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Ecstasy
- Which of the following is a central nervous system depressant approved for the treatment of the sleep disorder narcolepsy?
- A. Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
- Ketamine
- 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
- Rohypnol
Page: 416
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: GHB
- Which of the following is a drug that was widely used by bodybuilders and athletes to lose fat and build muscle and was available over the counter in health food stores in the 1980s?
- 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
- Morphine
- C. Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
- Rohypnol
Page: 410
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: GHB
- _____ goes by the street name G. and Liquid Ecstasy, and is also considered to be a date-rape drug.
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
- 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
- Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
- D. Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
Page: 410
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: GHB
- Which of the following is a rapid-acting anesthetic that produces hallucinogenic effects ranging from rapture to paranoia to boredom?
- Valium
- B. Ketamine
- Methadone
- Rohypnol
Page: 410
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Hallucinogens
- Which of these is a major reason why ketamine users may injure themselves when they are intoxicated?
- It has distasteful side-effects.
- B. It is an anesthetic.
- It is hallucinogenic.
- It reduces serotonin levels.
Page: 411
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Hallucinogens
- Which of the following is a widely known date-rape drug which goes by the slang names Roche and the Forget-Me-Not Pill?
- Ecstasy
- Ketamine
- Methadone
- D. Rohypnol
Page: 411
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Rohypnol
- Why do date-rape victims fail to recognize that they have been drugged with rohypnol?
- A. It is odorless, colorless, and tasteless.
- It goes undetected as the victims are usually already intoxicated.
- It is an anesthetic.
- It has no visible effects of intoxication.
Page: 411
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Rohypnol
- With the repeated use of substances such as cocaine, heroin, and amphetamines, more of the drug is needed to produce the desired effects. Which of the following helps explain this statement?
- The brain’s control network starts to overpower its reward network.
- B. The brain reduces its production of dopamine.
- People’s expectations of the drug reduce over time.
- Tolerance toward the drug fails to develop.
Page: 411
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Analyze the biopsychosocial perspective on the development of substance disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Some drugs, like cocaine and amphetamines produce a strong sense of reward or a “high” by increasing the availability of the neurotransmitter _____.
- adenosine
- anandamide
- histamine
- D. dopamine
Page: 411
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Analyze the biopsychosocial perspective on the development of substance disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Family studies show that the relatives of people with substance-related disorders are _____ likely to have a substance disorder than are the relatives of people with no such disorder.
- just as
- less
- C. significantly more
- no more
Page: 412
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 2.5 Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Analyze the biopsychosocial perspective on the development of substance disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following is a conclusion about alcohol abuse offered by social learning theories?
- A. Maladaptive patterns of alcohol use may be passed down through a family through modeling.
- Higher reward sensitivity is correlated with earlier onset of alcohol consumption in young adults.
- Genetics play a substantial role in determining who is at risk for substance use disorders.
- People’s expectations of alcohol’s effects and their beliefs about the appropriateness of using it to cope with stress play a major role in alcohol abuse.
Page: 412
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 2.5 Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Analyze the biopsychosocial perspective on the development of substance disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- The _____ theories of alcohol abuse have focused on people’s expectations of alcohol’s effects and their beliefs about the appropriateness of using it to cope with stress.
- sociocultural
- genetic
- C. cognitive
- social learning
Page: 412
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Analyze the biopsychosocial perspective on the development of substance disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- _____ is the tendency to be impulsive, sensation-seeking, and prone to antisocial behaviors such as violating laws.
- Reward sensitivity
- B. Behavioral under-control
- Control drive
- Speedballing
Page: 412
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Analyze the biopsychosocial perspective on the development of substance disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following observations is true?
- Women tend to be more likely than men to carry risk factors for drug and alcohol abuse and dependence.
- B. Societal acceptance of heavy drinking by women has increased in recent generations, as has the rate of alcohol use among young women.
- Women suffer alcohol-related physical illnesses at higher levels of exposure to alcohol than men do.
- When they do use alcohol, women notice that they feel intoxicated much later than men.
Page: 413
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 2.5 Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Analyze the biopsychosocial perspective on the development of substance disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Benzodiazepines are used to reduce alcohol dependence. Why is the dosage of the specific benzodiazepine decreased each day while using it to treat a substance use disorder?
- To increase the tolerance toward alcohol
- Because people tend to relapse into alcohol use if the same dosage is provided
- Because benzodiazepines are extremely toxic
- D. To ensure that the person does not become dependent on the benzodiazepine
Page: 414
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Antagonist drugs used to treat persons with substance dependence:
- provide depressant effects similar to those of the addictive drug.
- provide stimulant effects similar to those of the addictive drug.
- C. block or change the effects of the addictive drug, reducing the desire for it.
- act in the same manner as antidepressant drugs.
Page: 414
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following has proven useful in treating alcohol dependents and abusers, possibly because it blocks the effects of endorphins during drinking?
- A. Naltrexone
- Naloxone
- Klonopin
- Halcion
Page: 414
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following is a drug that can make alcohol use actually punishing, often causing vomiting in individuals who drink after taking it?
- Naloxone
- Halcion
- Xanax
- D. Antabuse
Page: 414
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Dennis is undergoing treatment to deal with his alcohol use disorder. Whenever he takes this drug, he can’t even have one alcoholic drink because he starts to feel sick and dizzy and feels like vomiting. Which drug is he most likely using?
- Naltrexone
- B. Antabuse
- Halcion
- Xanax
Page: 414
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following is the most common pharmacological treatment method used for nicotine dependence?
- Prescription medication to reduce nicotine cravings
- The intrusive method
- C. Nicotine replacement therapy
- Treatment using benzodiazepines
Page: 420
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Gradual withdrawal from heroin can be achieved with _____.
- phencyclidine (PCP)
- B. methadone
- ketamine
- 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
Page: 415
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following best explains why those who take heroin while on methadone do not experience heroin’s intense psychological effects?
- Methadone is more potent than heroin.
- Methadone has longer-lasting effects than heroin.
- C. Methadone blocks receptors for heroin.
- Methadone transfers dependency.
Page: 415
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Heroin
- Drugs such as disulfiram that make the ingestion of alcohol unpleasant or toxic are given to people who are alcohol dependent. This is an example of:
- A. aversive classical conditioning.
- dependency transfer.
- behavioral under-control.
- a contingency management program.
Page: 415–416
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following uses imagery to create associations between thoughts of alcohol use and thoughts of highly unpleasant consequences?
- Dependency transfer program
- Contingency management program
- Cognitive treatment method
- D. Covert sensitization therapy
Page: 416
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- _____ provide reinforcements for individuals to curtail their use of substances, for example, employment, housing, or vouchers for purchases at local stores.
- Dependency transfer programs
- B. Contingency management programs
- Cognitive treatment methods
- Covert sensitization methods
Page: 416
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Interventions based on the _____ of alcohol abuse and dependency help clients identify situations in which they are most likely to drink and lose control over their drinking, as well as their expectations that alcohol will help them cope in those situations.
- A. cognitive models
- genetic models
- dependency transfer models
- biological treatment methods
Page: 416
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following was developed by William Miller to elicit and solidify clients’ motivation and commitment to changing their substance use behaviors?
- Dependency transfer
- Social learning model
- C. Motivational interviewing
- Alcoholics Anonymous
Page: 417
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following primarily contributes to the fact that the relapse rate for people undergoing any kind of treatment for alcohol abuse and dependency is high?
- Transfer of dependence
- Covert sensitization
- C. Abstinence violation effect
- Cognitive dissonance
Page: 417
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- The philosophy of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is based on the _____ model of alcoholism.
- addictive
- B. disease
- relapse
- biological
Page: 418
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- The disease model of alcoholism followed by Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) predicts that because of biological, psychological, and spiritual deficits, _____.
- alcoholism is a disease curable only by using medical remedies
- alcohol abstinence is not a necessary phenomenon for controlling alcohol intake
- people can always be completely cured of alcohol dependence
- D. some people will lose all control over their drinking once they have one drink
Page: 418
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- According to the philosophy of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), the only way to control alcohol intake is to:
- A. abstain completely.
- limit yourself to two drinks a day.
- transfer dependence to some other chemical.
- binge-drink occasionally.
Page: 418
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- What was the outcome of Project MATCH that compared the different interventions designed to help people with alcohol dependency: cognitive-behavioral intervention, motivational interviewing and enhancement, and a 12-step program based on the Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) model?
- Motivational interviewing and enhancement is generally more effective in terms of helping people with alcohol dependency.
- Combining cognitive-behavioral intervention with motivational interviewing and enhancement proved to be the most effective intervention.
- C. The three interventions were equally effective in reducing drinking behavior and preventing relapse over the following year.
- The AA-based 12-step program was the most effective for treating alcohol dependence.
Page: 420
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following is true of people with alcohol use disorders in the United States?
- About 50 percent of them recover on their own.
- 80 percent of them carry such problems throughout their lives.
- 90 percent of them never recover from such problems.
- D. Only about 25 percent of them seek treatment.
Page: 420
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- In the United States, young adults between _____ have the highest rates of alcohol consumption and make up the largest proportion of problem drinkers of any age group.
- 15 and 20
- B. 18 and 24
- 22 and 30
- 30 and 35
Page: 420
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 2.5 Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Psychologist Alan Marlatt and colleagues have argued that a more credible approach to college drinking than abstinence programs is to recognize drinking as normative behavior and focus education on the immediate risks of drinking to excess and the payoffs of moderation. This is an example of the:
- A. harm reduction model.
- disease model.
- Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) model.
- benefit-maximization model.
Page: 420
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Which of the following is true of gambling disorder?
- It is tied to increased executive control over impulses in the frontal areas of the brain.
- B. Pathological gamblers have a greater disruption in the systems regulating the neurotransmitter dopamine.
- Pathological gamblers tend to have relatively fewer problems with substance use than the general population.
- About 20 percent of the U.S. population engages in chronic, compulsive gambling.
Page: 421
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Gambling Disorder
- Distinguish between substance intoxication, withdrawal, abuse, and dependence. Discuss the symptoms associated with each condition.
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
▪ Substance intoxication—Experience of significant maladaptive behavioral and psychological symptoms due to the effect of a substance on the central nervous system
▪ Substance withdrawal—Experience of clinically significant distress in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning due to the cessation or reduction of substance use
▪ Substance abuse—Diagnosis given when recurrent substance use leads to significant harmful consequences
▪ Substance dependence—Diagnosis given when substance use leads to physiological dependence or significant impairment or distress
Note: The DSM-5 combines abuse and dependence into “use,” which captures both aspects.
Page: 392–393
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Explain the key features of substance disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- What are the different symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
▪ Symptoms manifest in three stages.
▪ First stage: Usually begins within a few hours after drinking has been stopped; includes tremulousness, weakness, and profuse perspiration.
▪ Second stage: Includes convulsive seizures, which may begin as soon as 12 hours after drinking stops but more often appear during the second or third day.
▪ Third stage: Characterized by delirium tremens. Fatal in approximately 10 percent of cases.
Page: 395–396
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Explain the key features of substance disorders.
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder
- Discuss how cocaine is able to provide a feeling of reward and pleasure.
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
▪ Cocaine activates those areas of the brain that register reward and pleasure.
▪ Dopamine—Normally, a pleasurable event releases dopamine into the synapses in reward and pleasure areas of the brain. Cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine into the transmitting neuron, causing it to accumulate in the synapse. The rapid, strong effects of cocaine on the brain’s reward centers make this substance more likely than most to lead to a stimulant use disorder.
Page: 400–401
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Stimulants
- Discuss the physiological effects of nicotine.
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
▪ Nicotine operates on both the central and the peripheral nervous systems. It helps release several biochemicals in the brain, including dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and the endogenous opioids.
▪ Nicotine’s physiological effects actually resemble the fight-or-flight response.
▪ Nicotine addicts need nicotine to feel normal because of its effects on the body and the brain.
Page: 405–406
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Nicotine
- What are the symptoms of phencyclidine (PCP) intoxication?
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
▪ At lower doses—a sense of intoxication, euphoria or affective dulling, talkativeness, lack of concern, slowed reaction time, vertigo, eye twitching, mild hypertension, abnormal involuntary movements, and weakness.
▪ At intermediate doses—disorganized thinking, distortions of body image, depersonalization, and feelings of unreality. A user may become hostile, belligerent, and even violent.
▪ At higher doses—amnesia and coma, analgesia sufficient to allow surgery, seizures, severe respiratory problems, hypothermia, and hyperthermia.
Page: 408
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Discuss some of the key findings of psychological theories on substance use disorders.
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
▪ Social learning theories—Children and adolescents may learn substance-use behaviors by modeling the behavior of their parents and important people in their culture.
▪ Cognitive theories have focused on people’s expectations of alcohol’s effects and their beliefs about the appropriateness of using it to cope with stress. People who expect alcohol to reduce their stress and who do not have more adaptive means of coping are more likely than others to drink alcohol when they are upset and to have social problems related to drinking.
▪ One personality characteristic consistently related to an increased risk of substance use disorders is behavioral under-control.
Page: 412–413
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- What are the different biological treatments for substance-related disorders?
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
▪ Antianxiety drugs
▪ Antidepressants
▪ Antagonist drugs
▪ Methadone maintenance programs
Page: 414–415
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Discuss the different cognitive-behavioral intervention methods for treating substance-related disorders.
Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
▪ Behavioral—based on aversive classical conditioning; covert sensitization therapy; contingency management programs.
▪ Cognitive methods—help clients identify situations in which they are most likely to drink and lose control over their drinking, as well as their expectations that alcohol will help them cope in those situations. (motivational interviewing, relapse prevention, Alcoholics Anonymous)
Page: 416–417
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders.
Topic: Substance Disorders
- Discuss why you think gambling disorder is included in the chapter on substance-related and addictive disorders?
Students’ answers will vary. Key terms and concepts that may be included in student responses:
▪ Gambling disorder is new to DSM-5 and represents a behavioral addiction. It is characterized by persistent and recurrent problematic gambling even in the face of significant social, financial, and psychological consequences. It seems to share many risk factors and clinical patterns with the substance use disorders.
Page: 421–422
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: Explain the key features of substance disorders.
Topic: Gambling Disorder
Category # of Questions
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation 109
APA Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology. 80
APA Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains. 22
APA Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology. 5
APA Outcome: 2.5 Incorporate sociocultural factors in scientific inquiry. 6
Bloom’s: Apply 9
Bloom’s: Remember 73
Bloom’s: Understand 36
Difficulty: Difficult 6
Difficulty: Easy 66
Difficulty: Moderate 46
Learning Objective: Analyze the biopsychosocial perspective on the development of substance disorders. 7
Learning Objective: Differentiate among disorders related to specific substances. 71
Learning Objective: Explain the key features of substance disorders. 4
Learning Objective: Identify symptoms and treatments of substance use disorders. 36
Topic: Addiction 3
Topic: Alcohol Use Disorder 18
Topic: Amphetamines 5
Topic: Caffeine 2
Topic: Depressants 4
Topic: Ecstasy 4
Topic: Gambling Disorder 2
Topic: GHB 3
Topic: Hallucinogens 7
Topic: Heroin 1
Topic: Inhalants 4
Topic: Marijuana 2
Topic: Nicotine 4
Topic: Opioids 7
Topic: Rohypnol 2
Topic: Stimulants 6
Topic: Substance Disorders 44
